ͨLܵMΠȺо
Lϵy(tng)ǿ{ͨLҪһMɲͨrLܙMNΠ,AκͱA1960ǰˇΣ谲bg^С^ͨLϵy(tng)þLܡSALҲL͙CƳɹ̌CoՓڽ߀̅(sh)ALhھLČ@ЩоYMпYD^cڌLϵy(tng)ĽԱ^ͬrͨr¸MռMñ^С@ֵMڱӑՓ
PI~ AL L L Ա^ Lϵy(tng)
Lϵy(tng)ǿ{ͨLҪһMɲ֣ĹҪnj{(ji)Ŀ՚ⰴOӋMܸЧʵĂ͵ĩOͨrLܙMNΠ,AκͱALܵͨͨ^ĉK䓰TӁAL܄tnjһʮߺ䓰͙C@ƶAL܄t^ҊһnjALMДDγ. 1960ǰˇΣ谲bg^С^ͨLϵy(tng)þLSAL͙ܳCƳɹ̌CoՓڽ߀̅(sh)ALܶhھLڇ⣬eǚWLʹʶ׃ԽԽռҊһЇĿǰĈALʹñʓ(j)P߲{Hռٷ֮ʮٷ֮ʮ֮gЇ֮ALcLܵĹ̌оѳɞһ̲ݾn}
һL ALռЈ~
Ҽ^(q) | 1960 | 1965 | 1970 | 1975 | 1980 | 1985 | 1990 | 2000 |
W | 5 | 15 | 40 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 85 | 90 |
| 5 | 5 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 25 | 50 |
5 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 50 | 65 | |
Ӣ | 5 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 35 | 35 | 55 |
ĽĽǶȁvһȵLϵy(tng)ʹÉеMÿɷ֞
1ͶYOӋMϼbMgMã{ԇMȵȡ
2\MãˆTYԴSoMá
3MãSQfM
оYScandiaconsult(1992), Bouwman(1992), Malmstrom et al (2001), Malmstrom et al (2002)T(sh)ALϵy(tng)ȾLϵy(tng)F(xin)郞(yu)Č@ЩоYMпYD^cڌLϵy(tng)ĽԱ^ϣͬrͨr¸MռMñ^С@ֵMڱӑՓԡ
ALϵy(tng)ͶYȾLҪ͵IJԭ£
ALܸ\ݔ
ALܵĽMѱ߶Ș˜ʻ
ĽYvALܸܳ܉׃LҪ˨Tᔣ֧ȼӏʩ
ͬˮֱALҪĽҪСھLLܵLԽtٺԽ
ALܵĵܘȾLܵİbΣͨLc{ʩҎ(gu)GB502432002ͬrָL߅ߴ400mmľLܵg4mALgtL5m
yALܵLycСھLMLϵy(tng)ƽr{ԇMҲСھL
AL@pٵl҃˿ԜpO
Scandiaconsult(1992)һgͨLϵy(tng)քeÈALܺ;L˃ɂOӋ^ϵy(tng)ĉp^PĽ(sh)ҊD1ע⣺ԮıWЈrMУӋYͬĩOlbMAL܃HLܵһ룬ͬrALܵIJMÞLܵ80%
ȫpʧPa: 150.0 ȫbMã0.51R ȫMã0.8M A | ȫpʧPa: 165.4 ȫbMãR ȫMãM B |
D1Scandiaconsult(1992) LOӋ^ AAL BL
Lϵy(tng)ռgMнһ^y@ȡQڽĽY;һfþLܵҪһԭǾLܹ(ji)sgHϣLȽӽľLܶռеČHeҪڈAL@ҪLҪm(lin)Ym߅ĸ߶ͨ20mmҊD2AF(xin)LԁؘԒ(lin)YҊD2B@NHҪgҸڰbˌLȽӽ1ľLALܵă(yu)cǟoġ
A | B |
D2Scandiaconsult(1992) LBӷ^ AL BAL
LȵľLtԲÎALMҊD3@NʹLĿ׃øӺͬrbMҲpСmȻMÿܕJagemer1991һ{Yڴ˷ͶY~;Lһӵ
D3һ550mmX150mmľLܞD=200mmĈAL
ͨr{ϵy(tng)\Mõ֞ԴԴMðӟs՚⼰@Щ՚͵ĩ˵OĵԴLϵy(tng)õM˱tL©LɞԴĵһҪԴ
Lϵy(tng)LCѭh(hun)ṩLCLһ㲻^650Paȥ՚̎CMĩOĉpʧLϵy(tng)õĉ^s200300PaLϵy(tng)Mдĉ^pʧͬr©LҲֱӰ푵LCĹx(j)LCLCcLηL©Lʞ6%LCʌ20%ALܵ©LҪhhСھL
3.1 ©L
Lܵ©LGʽMӋ㣺
fref= e©L
qvl= ©L
A= Lܱe
K= ©L(sh)
pref= Lcĉ
ښW(j)©L(sh)LܵĚԱ֞ĂȼA,B,C,D2oȼS©L(sh)
Class A |
| 0.02710-3 m3 s-1 m-2 Pa-0.65 |
Class B |
| 0.00910-3 m3 s-1 m-2 Pa-0.65 |
Class C |
| 0.00310-3 m3 s-1 m-2 Pa-0.65 |
Class D |
| 0.00110-3 m3 s-1 m-2 Pa-0.65 |
2WLϵy(tng)Եȼ
cALȣLҪ˨cTBYҪö˲ɱ©LҲҪöD4rһMy(sh)(j)(sh)(j)@ʾLܵ©LƽȈALܸ7ͨLc{̎ʩҎ(gu)GB50243-2002ҲָALܵS©LLܵ50
D4 21rL©LʵĜy(sh)(j)Carri et al, 1999
3.2^pʧ
ˮֱӱÁLܵɽy(tng)pʧͬˮֱLܣMܙMΠͬȻͬس̉pʧD5^һΈALܣD=0.5m,U=5m/s,=0.15mmͬeľLܵĉpʧ@@NrLܵĉʧhhڈALܣSLLȵpʧҲԽҲζLCĹҲȻԽ
D5/پLcAL܉pʧ^=1 m3/s, v=5m/s
ˮֱĸǽؾL߅ƽБһµļOϵģҲfپcL߅ƽУnjHyYs@ʾھLУ،Ǿٶݶ˥pľٶݶ˥pՓϣˮֱЃɷNr֔
̫С_ȫB(ti)
ܵMhxA^Lȵľ
(sh)(j)ҲˮֱձԱʾˑJONES1976һϵеĹ⻬L܉pʧPߌČ(sh)(j)M·ҊD6.Mȱ10<L<25Ĕ(sh)(j)D6(sh)(j)ȻҰʾLȌˮֱpʧĆ{Ӱ푡Griggs et al(1992)ʹôֲھLČҲƵĽY
D6ͬLȵĹ⻬LcALܵĉpʧ^
3.3SoM
˱ⲡB(ti)LҪM坍坍ɷʹmˢӣʹLϰѣ@ɷNr£ALܶȾLܸӺ
Lϵy(tng)ĽԷһyĹҪ]NͬһLϵy(tng)ĉпܕ^ʮ@Nr£һcСOӋ|ϵĸMпܼӴͶYӯ@cfALܑһ߽ԵĽQ
ҪָڰoͿgĿ]Lϵy(tng)ijЩPʹߴIJλLںͿ՚̎bóȻ]þLܡ